濕式氧化法脫硫在生產中經常出現堵塔的現象。
Tower blockage often occurs in wet oxidation desulfurization.
可以說自濕式氧化法脫硫在生產中應用以來，堵塔現象一直伴隨其中，雖然隨著科學技術的快速發展，許多新型脫硫催化劑已經具備清塔洗堵的能力，使堵塔現象得以緩和，但由于企業的工況、操作和管理等原因，使堵塔現象仍然是行業脫硫目前普遍關注的焦點。多年來我們經過走訪、調研并加以總結找出其形成的原因，主要有以下幾個方面：
It can be said that the tower blocking phenomenon has been accompanied since the application of wet oxidation desulfurization in production. Although with the rapid development of science and technology, many new desulfurization catalysts have the ability to clean and clean the tower blocking, which can alleviate the tower blocking phenomenon, the tower blocking phenomenon is still the focus of general attention in the desulfurization industry due to the working conditions, operation and management of enterprises. Over the years, we have visited, investigated and summarized to find out the reasons for its formation, mainly in the following aspects:
1、進脫硫塔的氣體成分不好，雜質含量較多（如粉煤灰、煤焦油及其它固體顆粒等）。這種現象主要是前工段水洗塔及靜電除焦運行不正常造成的。
1. The gas entering the desulfurization tower has poor composition and high impurity content (such as fly ash, coal tar and other solid particles). This phenomenon is mainly caused by the abnormal operation of the water washing tower and electrostatic coke removal in the front section.
2.填料塔在脫硫反應過程時，同時也伴隨著氧化析硫過程，析出的硫過多（特別是入口H2S含量較高時），不能及時隨脫硫液帶出脫硫塔，會在填料表面粘結，導致出現局部堵塞，偏流，嚴重時形成堵塔。
2. The desulfurization reaction process of the packed tower is also accompanied by the oxidation sulfur precipitation process. Too much sulfur is precipitated (especially when the inlet H2S content is high) and cannot be brought out of the desulfurization tower with the desulfurization liquid in time, which will bond on the surface of the packing, resulting in local blockage, bias flow and blocking tower in serious cases.
3、脫硫塔噴淋密度不夠。一般要求在35-50m3/m2.h。較低的噴淋密度不僅會使塔內填料形成干區造成硫堵而且會大大降低脫硫塔的凈化度。特別對于直徑較大的塔一定要保證足夠的貧液量，當遇到減機減量或入口H2S較低時，切不可盲目降低循環量。此時為了降低消耗可采取降低溶液組分的辦法來達到目的。
3. The spray density of desulfurization tower is not enough. The general requirement is 35-50m3 / m2 h。 The lower spray density will not only form a dry area of the packing in the tower, resulting in sulfur blockage, but also greatly reduce the purification degree of the desulfurization tower. Especially for the tower with large diameter, sufficient lean liquid volume must be ensured. When the unit is reduced or the inlet H2S is low, the circulation volume must not be reduced blindly. At this time, in order to reduce consumption, the method of reducing solution components can be adopted to achieve the purpose.
4、空氣量不夠（一般要求在60-100m3/m2.h），或設備不配套。這種現象必然造成槽內硫泡沫浮選困難，使貧液中懸浮硫較高，若長時間運行很容易形成塔堵。
4. The air volume is insufficient (generally 60-100m3 / m2. H), or the equipment is not matched. This phenomenon will inevitably lead to difficulties in sulfur foam flotation in the tank, resulting in high suspended sulfur in the lean solution. If it is operated for a long time, it is easy to form tower blockage.
5、脫硫塔的設備結構本身有問題，如填料選擇不當或塔的液體分布器、再布器結構或安裝不合理。這種現象很容易使溶液偏流或分布槽本身積硫而造成塔堵。
5. There are problems in the equipment structure of the desulfurization tower, such as improper selection of filler or unreasonable structure or installation of liquid distributor and redistributor of the tower. This phenomenon is easy to make the solution bias flow or sulfur accumulation in the distribution tank itself, resulting in tower blockage.
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2022-05-16
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